Knowledge base

Subaddressing

When subaddressing is true, what plus-addressing and provider aliases mean for signup policy, and how to read the flag from the detect API.

The subaddressing boolean is true when normalization removed part of the local part—typically a +tag suffix, dot aliases on some providers, or similar alias patterns we recognize.

It does not by itself mean the address is disposable or fraudulent. It tells you the user (or script) supplied an alias of a base mailbox.

Plus addressing and RFC 5233

Many providers implement subaddressing with a + delimiter:

local+tag@domain

RFC 5233 documents this pattern in the context of Sieve mail filtering. Delivery agents treat local+anything as an extension of local when the provider supports it.

EmailGuard sets subaddressing: true when normalization removes that suffix (or equivalent provider-specific aliasing) while building normalized.

Example patterns

The table below illustrates common cases—not a complete list of every provider or alias type EmailGuard handles:

PatternExample inputsubaddressing
Plus tag[email protected]true
Dot alias[email protected]true
Provider plus tag[email protected]true
No alias detected[email protected]false

When subaddressing is true, compare normalized to see the collapsed mailbox. See Email normalization for how deduplication fits into signup flows.

API example

curl -sS \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_KEY" \
  "https://emailguard.co/api/v1/emails/detect?email=checkout%2B2026%40fastmail.com"
{
  "data": {
    "email": "[email protected]",
    "syntax_validation": true,
    "normalized": "[email protected]",
    "subaddressing": true,
    "public_domain": true
  }
}

How to use the flag

Common policies:

PolicySuggestion
Block duplicate accountsUnique index on normalized, not raw email
Allow marketing tagsAccept signup but store subaddressing for analytics
Restrict aliasesReject when subaddressing is true and you need one account per person
Combine with disposable checkAlias + disposable domain is a stronger abuse signal than alias alone

Subaddressing on a legitimate Gmail address is normal user behavior. Pair the flag with disposable, role_address, and your own velocity rules.